Human & Culture

Definition of CultureCulture , art , law , customs and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member -owned society . Example of the tools most simple accessories such as jewelry hands , neck and ears , household items , clothing , computer system , non-material is intended elements in the concept of norms , values ​​, beliefs / confidence and language .The cultural norms are often interpreted as the average behavior , or specific behavior that is always repeated - again . Human life is always characterized by social norms as rules to determine human behavior related to behave goodness , the average behavior or behavior that is abstracted . Therefore, in every culture known to the ideal norms and norms are less than ideal or norm average. Ideal norm is very important to explain and understand the behavior of certain people, and ideas on these norms affect the majority of social behavior , including the behavior of human communication .Values ​​are abstract concepts that are owned by each individual about what is considered good or bad , right or wrong , proper or improper. The next important element of culture is the belief / faith is a human concept about everything around him . So trust / confidence it concerns to human ideas about the individual , other people , as well as all aspects related to the biological , physical , social , and supernatural world . Important element of culture is language , namely codification system code and verbal and non -verbal symbols , for the purposes of human communication . The above definition of culture as a sustainable move from a belief in the value of certain feelings and behaviors . Such behavior is a model of behavior that is recognized and accepted by the supporters of the culture that it represents the behavior of cultural norms .How Culture in the Perspective of Sociology Sociology Sociologists define culture as the study of social interaction between people in society . Here is the definition of culture by sociologists :1 . Overall ( total ) or organizing a way of life , including the values ​​, norms , institutions , and artifacts are transferred from one generation to the next generation through the process of learning ( Dictionary of Modern Sociology ) .
2 . Francis Merrill said that culture is :· The patterns of behavior generated by social interaction .· All behavior and all products produced by a person as a member of a society could be found through symbolic interaction .
3 . Bounded et.al (1989 ) , culture . is something that is formed by the transmission dah development of human beliefs through certain symbols , such as a language symbol circuit symbol . which is used to transfer the cultural beliefs among the members of a society . The messages about the culture that expected to be found in the media , administration in , religious institutions , educational system and so forth .
4 . Mitchell ( ed.) in Dictionary of Soriblogy argued , culture is part of the overall looping action or human activities ( and products produced human ) that has been popular in the community socially and not just transferred genetikal .
            In view of the Cultural Anthropology How an anthropologist defines culture as follows :
1 . By Eri Encyclopedia of Sociology , cultural anthropologists introduced by the 19th century . This idea first appeared in the age of renaissance to describe the customs, beliefs , social forms , and other European languages ​​are different in the past with the present . The second period occurs when the concept of culture is starting to get the recognition that human beings are now varies by region on the face of the earth , the variation was reinforced by the language they use , the rituals they practice and based on the types of communities in which they live .
2 . Malinowski said that culture is the fundamental unity of the two aspects , namely the unity of the body organizing artifacts and customs systems .
3 . Culture is a learned behavior . One can not be born without culture , culture is universal , every human being has a culture which he acquired through his efforts at least through biological study . Culture is the " sum " of all attitudes , customs , and beliefs that distinguish a group of people with another group , the culture is transmitted through language , material objects, ritual , institutions ( schools milsanya ) , and art , from one generation to the next generation . ( Dictionary of Cultural Literacy ) .
Personality Nation EastHumans are social creatures that can not stand alone . Humans need other humans to interact and survive . It is true - completely embraced by the community on the eastern nations , especially Indonesia . Strong sense of community could be considered as a national personality . Everything that existed in society is determined by the presence of the culture of the communities it . In Indonesia, a lot of culture and personality , because as we all know that the Indonesian unitary state has a lot of parts so that the already very definitely was a different culture - different .Existing ideological systems typically include ethics , norms , customs , laws and directives which serves as a binding human behavior or society to fit the personality of the people who are polite, courteous , friendly , and not doing things - things that can tarnish the personality of the nation .The social system includes relationships and social activities in the community . Technology systems include all the attention and use, in accordance with prevailing cultural values ​​. At the time of elements - each element - each culture to infiltrate each other , the migration process large - scale in ancient times to facilitate the ongoing acculturation . Basically eastern region community , very open and tolerant of other nations , but as long as they conform to the norms , ethics and customs that exist . In general, the elements - elements of a foreign culture is easily acceptable material cultural elements such as equipment that is particularly easy to use and especially useful for people who receive it . For example : Mobile , computers , and others - others .But there are also elements of a foreign culture is difficult to accept , for example :

    The elements of such a belief system concerning ideology , philosophy of life and others.
    The elements were studied on the first level of the socialization process . The easiest example is the staple food of a community matter .
    In general, the younger generation is considered as individuals who readily accept foreign cultural elements that go through the process of acculturation . Instead the older generation , regarded as old-fashioned ones which are difficult to accept new elements .
    A society that is affected by the process of acculturation , there are always groups of individuals are extremely difficult or even not able to adjust to the changes that occur .
Various factors that influence the acceptance or rejection of a new cultural elements include :

    Limited public has a relationship or contact with the culture and the people who come from outside the community .
    If the outlook on life and values ​​are dominant in a culture defined by religious values ​​.
    Shades of the social structure of a society also determines the acceptance of the new culture . For example, authoritarian system will be unable to accept new cultural elements .
    An element of culture is accepted if previously existing cultural elements that form the basis for acceptance of the new cultural elements .
    If the new element that has limited the scale of activities .